解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Acute 96-h ammonia toxicity to three-month-old juvenile mussels (Lampsilis siliquoidea) was evaluated in four treatments (water-only, water-only with feeding, water and soil, and water and sand) using an exposure unit designed to maintain consistent pH and ammonia concentrations in overlying water and in pore water su...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.259
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study evaluated the use of the invasive clam Corbicula fluminea as a surrogate for metal accumulation in native mussels. The tissue concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn were analyzed in Corbicula and a native Unionid mussel species (Elliptio hopetonensis) collected from 13 sites in the Alta...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.235
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sorption properties of tetracycline were compared between a coal humic acid (CHA) and a soil humic acid (SHA) under various solution chemistry conditions. Structural characteristics of the two humic acids were quantified in detail by elemental analysis, solid-state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), acid-base...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.248
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the subcellular partitioning of zinc (Zn) in Daphnia magna both under acute and chronic exposures. In the acute Zn toxicity tests, the daphnids were exposed to different Zn concentrations for 48 h or to one lethal concentration (1,000 microg/L) for different durations (time to death for up to 47 h). Signif...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.229
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mercury (Hg) contamination of aquatic ecosystems is a global environmental problem. Data are abundant on Hg contamination and factors that affect its bioaccumulation in lake communities, but comparatively little information on riverine ecosystems exists. The present study examines fish Hg concentrations of the Lower R...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.224
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fluorotelomer carboxylic acids (FTCAs) and the corresponding unsaturated acids (FTUCAs) are known intermediates in the biodegradation of industrially produced fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOHs) to environmentally persistent perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs). The FTCAs and FTUCAs are of concern for their toxicity, re...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.211
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 2004 to 2006, in the Okanagan Valley, British Columbia, Canada, we measured pesticides, water chemistry, and hatching success of Great Basin spadefoot (Spea intermontana), Pacific treefrog (Pseudacris regilla), Western toad (Bufo boreas), and Columbia spotted frog (Rana luteiventris). Predator-proof cages containin...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.202
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the presented study a laboratory experiment was conducted to investigate the transfer of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from environmentally contaminated marine sediment to an infaunal surface deposit-feeding polycha...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.177
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the last four years, significant effort has been devoted to understanding the effects that Hurricanes Katrina and Rita had on contaminant distribution and redistribution in New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, and the surrounding Gulf Coast area. Elevated concentrations were found for inorganic contaminants (including ...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.205
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A full assessment of the impact of oil and chemical spills at sea requires the identification of both the polluting chemicals and the biological effects they cause. Here, a combination of chemical fingerprinting of surface oils, tissue residue analysis, and biological effects measures was used to explore the relations...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.156
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The estrogenic activity of the effluent from three municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Nanjing, China, was investigated. The water samples were enriched by solid-phase extraction and then eluted with different polar solvents, which gave 11 fractionated extracts. Chemical analysis and a vitellogenin (Vtg) ...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.155
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atmospherically deposited contaminants in the Sierra Nevada mountains of California, USA have been implicated as adversely affecting amphibians and fish, yet little is known about the distributions of contaminants within the mountains, particularly at high elevation. The hypothesis that contaminant concentrations in a...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.139
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hydrocarbon-inducible cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) expression was measured, as ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity, in livers of wintering harlequin ducks (Histrionicus histrionicus) captured in areas of Prince William Sound, Alaska, USA, oiled by the 1989 Exxon Valdez spill and in birds from nearby unoiled area...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.129
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amphibian population declines have been documented worldwide and environmental contaminants are believed to contribute to some declines. Maternal transfer of bioaccumulated contaminants to offspring may be an important and overlooked mechanism of impaired reproductive success that affects amphibian populations. Mercur...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.125
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationship between the physiological state of fungi and the response of their functional system to metals is not known, limiting the use of fungal enzymes as tools for assessing metal ecotoxicity in terrestrial ecosystems. The present study attempts to establish how the development phases modulate the secretion ...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.101
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pyrethroid insecticide use in California, USA, is growing, and there is a need to understand the fate of these compounds in the environment. Concentrations and toxicity were assessed in streambed sediment of the San Joaquin Valley of California, one of the most productive agricultural regions of the United States. Con...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.106
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Firemaster 550 and Firemaster BZ-54 are two brominated formulations that are in use as replacements for polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants. Two major components of these mixtures are 2,3,4,5-tetrabromo-ethylhexylbenzoate (TBB) and 2,3,4,5-tetrabromo-bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (TBPH). Both have been...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.94
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Breeding pairs of mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) were fed a control diet or a diet containing 0.5 microg/g mercury (Hg) in the form of methylmercury chloride. There were no effects of Hg on adult weights and no overt signs of Hg poisoning in adults. The Hg-containing diet had no effect on fertility of eggs, but hatchin...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.64
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microcystins (MCs) are potent hepatotoxins acting by the inhibition of protein phosphatase 1 and 2A, and may promote liver tumors. Moreover, studies also suggest they are nephrotoxic. The aim of the present study was to assess possible in vitro effects of microcystin-LR (which contains the amino acids leucine and argi...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.87
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reduced glutathione (GSH) plays a number of key roles in many biochemical pathways. This peptide is highly reactive and forms conjugates with other molecules via its sulfhydryl moiety. The interactions of the common heavy metal pollutant Cd(II) with GSH were determined by using the Brdicka reaction to evaluate whether...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.78
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of diet on polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) assimilation was investigated by measuring dietary assimilation efficiencies (AEs) for 47 PCB congeners in juvenile koi (Cyprinus carpio) fed five experimental diets. Two of the diets were naturally contaminated and were obtained by collecting mayflies from Lake ...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.47
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metal cation toxicity to basidiomycete fungi is poorly understood, despite its well-known importance in terrestrial ecosystems. Moreover, there is no reported methodology for the routine evaluation of metal toxicity to basidiomycetes. In the present study, we describe the development of a procedure to assess the acute...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.42
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is widespread concern over the presence of Hg in fish consumed by humans. While studies have been focused on determining the Hg concentration in sport fish and some commercial fish, little attention has been directed to canned tuna; it is widely held that concentrations are low. In the present study, the amount ...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.32
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A statewide investigation of insecticide presence and sediment toxicity was conducted in Illinois, USA, from June to August 2008. Twenty sediment samples were collected from urban areas throughout Illinois, and 49 sediment samples were collected from 14 agriculture-dominated counties in central and southern Illinois. ...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.13
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::As part of the University of Michigan Dioxin Exposure Study, soil samples were collected from 766 residential properties near the Tittabawassee River between Midland and Saginaw; near the Dow Chemical Facility in Midland; and, for comparison, in the other areas of Midland and Saginaw Counties and in Jackson and Calhou...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.24
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Triclosan (TCS; 5-chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol), a common antimicrobial agent, may react with residual chlorine in tap water during transport to wastewater treatment plants or during chlorine disinfection of wastewater, generating chlorinated TCS derivatives (CTDs): 4,5-dichloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol (...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/08-490.1
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pharmaceuticals released into aquatic systems are expected to sorb to sediments to varying degrees. Their sorption is likely to influence their fate and, ultimately, the risk they pose to aquatic organisms. This has led to the European Medicines Agency requiring an assessment of affinity to solids, using batch sorptio...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/08-587.1
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lipid-lowering agents bezafibrate and clofibric acid, which occur at concentrations up to 3.1 and 1.6 microg/L, respectively, are among the most frequently found human pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment. In contrast to knowledge about their environmental occurrence, little is known about their effects in t...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/09-087.1
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Concerns about screening endocrine-active contaminants have led to the development of a number of short-term fish reproductive tests. A review conducted of 62 published adult fish reproductive papers using various fish species found low samples sizes (mean of 5.7 replicates with a median of 5 replicates) and high vari...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/09-032.1
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and water composition on the toxicity of copper to juvenile freshwater mussels (fatmucket, Lampsilis siliquoidea) were evaluated in natural and reconstituted waters. Acute 96-h copper toxicity tests werec onducted at four nominal DOC concentrations (0, 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/08-655.1
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seedlings of Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. were grown in solution culture for 14 d prior to exposure to Pb₂+ at an activity of 31 microM for 72 h. Electron dense deposits found within the apoplast and symplast were analysed using scanning transmission electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (STEM-EDS) to dete...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/09-131.1
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have shown that the interactions between chemicals and climatic stressors can lead to synergistically increased mortality. In the present study, we investigated the effect of seven common environmental contaminants on survival at -6 and 15°C as well as on reproduction at 15°C in the earthworm Dendroba...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/09-078.1
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Manufactured gas plant (MGP) tar and wastewater solids historically were discharged into the Penobscot River, Maine,USA, via a sewer at the Bangor Landing site. The tar and wastewater solids accumulated in riverbed sediment over a 5-hectare area downstream from the sewer outfall. Much of the tarry sediment is a harden...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/08-603.1
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ventilation amplitude and frequency of silver perch Bidyanus bidyanus, and the ventilation frequency of rainbow fish Melanotaenia duboulayi and rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, were determined at different temperatures upon exposure to endosulfan and chlorpyrifos, respectively. Silver perch and rainbow fish were...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/08-532.1
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study evaluated Se bioaccumulation in four waterbird species (n=206 birds) that breed within San Francisco Bay, California, U.S.A.: American avocets (Recurvirostra americana), black-necked stilts (Himantopus mexicanus), Forster's terns (Sterna forsteri), and Caspian terns (Hydroprogne caspia). Selenium con...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/09-101.1
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute and chronic toxicity of high-grade chlordane (98%) and bioaccumulation were investigated in Daphnia magna at water soluble concentrations obtained without cosolvent. The measured effective concentrations immobilizing 50% of the microcrustacea (95% confidence interval) were 22.6 (19.7-26.1) microg/L at 24 h and 1...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/08-564.1
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::As part of a research effort examining system-wide responses of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in fish to endocrine-active chemicals (EACs) with different modes of action, zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to 25 or 100 microg/L of the aromatase inhibitor fadrozole for 24, 48, or 96 h. Global transcri...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/08-653.1
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Environmental contaminants can interfere with hormonal regulation in both vertebrates and invertebrates, and these contaminants may disrupt the endocrine system of human and other organisms. Evidence is growing that contaminants may be partly responsible for the observed increase of disease in marine organisms by adve...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/08-642.1
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contaminants have been associated with population declines of several amphibian species in California (USA). Pesticides from the Central Valley of California are transported by winds into the Sierra Nevada Mountains and precipitate into wet meadows where amphibians breed. The present study examined the chronic toxicit...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/08-336.1
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method is presented for extending the target lipid model (TLM) of narcotic toxicity to polar narcotic chemicals. The proposed polyparameter TLM extends the applicability of the TLM by including polar compounds and removing explicit chemical class corrections. The validity of the model is tested using a data set of 1...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/08-364.1
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00